Nuclear Impact Analysis · United Kingdom

Is Cardiff safe from a nuclear strike?

We modelled the most plausible strategic targets around Cardiff and simulated blast, thermal, radiation and fallout effects against its 480,000 metro residents.

100/100
MINIMAL RISK

Cardiff city centre sits 30.7 km from Hinkley Point, the most plausible strategic target in the area (low targeting confidence). Modelled strike: 100 kt surface burst.

Estimated survival chance at city centre: 99%

Run the interactive simulation for Cardiff →

What a strike on Hinkley Point would mean

A 100 kt detonation produces a fireball 479 m across in radius. Reinforced concrete fails out to 1.3 km (20 psi). Most residential buildings collapse within 2.6 km (5 psi), and windows shatter dangerously out to 5.8 km (1 psi). Anyone in line of sight within 4.4 km suffers third-degree burns from the thermal pulse.

Because military and hardened targets are typically attacked with surface bursts, fallout matters here: with prevailing winds the dangerous plume would stretch roughly 52 km east of ground zero. Cardiff city centre lies outside the projected corridor under these wind assumptions.

Most plausible targets near Cardiff

TargetTypeDistanceAssumed yieldConfidence
Hinkley Pointenergy31 km100 ktlow
Whitehall, Londongovernment210 km455 kthigh
Heathrow, Londonairport188 km150 ktmedium
RAF Lakenheathmilitary276 km300 kthigh
Menwith Hill, UKcommunication298 km150 kthigh

Key blast radii (100 kt surface burst)

EffectRadiusWhat happens
Fireball479 mComplete vaporisation
20 psi blast1.3 kmHardened structures destroyed, ~100% fatalities
5 psi blast2.6 kmMost buildings collapse, widespread fatalities
3rd-degree burns4.4 kmFull-thickness burns to exposed skin
500 rem radiation1.9 kmLethal dose without medical care
1 psi blast5.8 kmWindow breakage, light damage, glass injuries

How Cardiff can prepare

With a population density of 2,800 people/km², Cardiff's outcome would hinge on the first hour. The guidance is identical everywhere: get inside, stay inside, stay tuned. A basement or the core of a large concrete building cuts fallout exposure by a factor of 10 or more, and radiation decays fast — dose rates fall ~90% within the first 7 hours and ~99% within two days.

Check your exact address in Cardiff →
Model disclaimer: These are research-grade estimates from open scaling laws (Glasstone & Dolan, 1977), not predictions. Actual outcomes depend on burst height, weapon choice, weather, terrain and sheltering. In any real emergency follow official civil-defence guidance.

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